The Thanat-Rusk Communiqué pledges U.S. support for Thailand’s defense. U.S. troop levels in Thailand expand from 1,000 to over 35,000. On 15 May, the U.S. Military Assistance Command, Thailand (MACTHAI) is activated, with General Paul Harkins as Commander. Major General Richard Stilwell, Chief of JUSMAGTHAI, becomes MACTHAI Deputy Commander on 31 October.